The literature of each nation is a reflection of its spiritual world and national identity. The main factor shaping this spiritual richness is the role and status of language. The protection of national identity and the preservation of language are considered the supreme duty of every citizen. The importance of this sacred mission was constantly mentioned by the National Leader Heydar Aliyev. The Great Leader’s language policy and sensitivity to his native language are an exemplary model for every Azerbaijani. President Ilham Aliyev presented the language as an integral attribute of statehood, along with the flag, anthem at a meeting dedicated to the 80^th anniversary of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences and in interviews with local television on January 5.

These thoughts were expressed to AZERTAC by Leyla Mammadova, head of the department of the Institute of Folklore of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Doctor of Sciences in Philology. She said that the head of state, in his speeches, mentioned that language was the factor that made a nation a nation and noted that it was important for it not to fall under the influence of other languages in terms of protecting national identity. The Head of State also drew attention to the need to prevent the introduction and assimilation of foreign words into the language in the era of modern technologies, mentioning that the protection of the Azerbaijani language was the main task of the state.

L. Mammadova noted that language was not only a key tool in preserving national identity, but also in the formation of literature. The ability of the people to deeply assimilate the subtleties of their spoken language is the main indicator that ensures the relevance and permanence of artistic works. The writer’s language is directly related to the knowledge of folk literature, life experience, worldview and worldview. In examples of oral and written literature, language plays the role of a tool of the work, a manifestation of images and a key to artistic expression.